Counseling

Open ended questins can focus on meaning.

Summarizing: Are sentences to place everything together at the end of a counseling session. Summarizing is not paraphasing, or reflecting. A summary ties everything together.

1. Content
2. major feelings
3. meaning issues and themes,
4. future plans.

Focused Summary: Is a tool to assist with a focus on the major themes or issues that the client has identified. A focus summary helps a client to be on track.

Signal summary: Is a signal from the counselor that says we can move on to a different topic now. Before we move on lets summarize first, then we can continue again with something else of interest to you.

Thematic Summaries: Is an advanced reflecting skill. The counselor is able to make connections between content, meaning, emotions, expressed by the client in many ways. It provides new information to the client. This summary pushes the client to an even deeper level of awareness.

Planning Summaries: Is a review of the progress that the client has made. A discussion on all of the agreed upon issues, and a wa to bring closure to the session.

The non-judgemental listening cycle: is a sequencial cycle to follow as each topic is discussed by the client.

1. Open questions,
2. Minimal encouragers; Okay, uh uh, yes, go on, Tell me more,
3. closed questions important facts.
4. Paraphrase
5. Reflection of feeling
6. reflection of meaning,
7. Summary

The questioning cycle found in early training;

1. Open question
2. Minimal encourager
3. Door opener
4. Closed question
5. Paraphrase
6. Closed questione
7. Closed question.

Begining helpers can avoid giving advice by only stating the last word stated from the client.



6.